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Drug Types Morphine
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Morphine

what is morphine

For centuries, morphine has been administered as a local anesthesia. Originally drawn from opium in 1805 by a German scientist, morphine is named after the Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams. Like its counterpart members of the opioid family, morphine works on the central nervous system to help with medical matters including:

  • Relief of severe pain
  • Act as a sedative during surgery
  • Provide a supplement to anesthesia

Available in oral solutions such as tablets and capsules and in suppository form, morphine is legally available but fairly easy access has led to its abuse and dependence. Once considered a cure for opium and alcohol addiction, it was ultimately revealed that morphine is even more addictive than those substances. Its widespread use during the Civil War resulted in what was termed "the soldier's disease," a physical dependency that reportedly affected 400,000 men. More than 150 years later, morphine continues to have high occurrences of emotional, physical and psychological dependence in users.

Morphine Effects
  • Paranoia
  • Depression and mood swings
  • Anxiety and confusion
  • Insomnia
  • Forgetfulness and amnesia
  • A variety of psychological disorders
Morphine withdrawal

Abrupt discontinued use of this opium derivative, especially after long-term use, requires professional assistance. Like other addictive drugs, cessation of morphine use should be done gradually and under strict doctor supervision. Withdrawal symptoms usually occur less than seven hours after its last administration and can be extremely uncomfortable, but not as severe or potentially fatal as withdrawal from alcohol, barbiturates or benzodiazepines. Morphine withdrawal symptoms include:

  • Insomnia
  • Diarrhea
  • Depression, anxiety and irritability
  • Profuse sweating
  • Craving for more of the drug
  • Severe headache
  • Body aches
  • Severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting
  • Trembling
  • Elevated heart rate and increased blood pressure
  • Muscle spasms

Morphine Treatment

Treatment for morphine dependency and abuse should begin in a medically supervised detox program, where the physical withdrawal symptoms can be monitored and treated. Following detox, admission to a drug and alcohol treatment center is strongly advised where addict can learn how to cope effectively and recover from morphine addiction.

 

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